Comunicación oral y su incidencia en la argumentación, estudiantes de octavo año, Escuela de Educación Básica "Luis amando Ugarte", 2023-2024.

Abstract

Oral communication is a process in which people exchange messages using various media and codes to transmit information and ideas, through the use of spoken language. This type of communication facilitates an interactive and dynamic dialogue, being an inherent characteristic of the human being, allowing the expression of opinions and knowledge in a direct and effective way, fulfilling a primordial role in our social and professional life. In various communicative situations, it is crucial to have argumentative competence to present messages in a convincing way, thus encouraging critical thinking through an informed structure. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine the incidence of oral communication on the argumentative competence of eighth grade students at the Luis Amando Ugarte Amando Basic Education School during the 2023-2024 academic period. With respect to the methodology, a qualitative-quantitative (mixed) approach is used, which involves the application of techniques such as teacher interviews and student surveys. In addition, the following levels are addressed; explanatory, because a relationship is established between argumentation dependent variable and oral communication independent variable, analyzing their correlation and impact in theeducational context. Descriptive, because argumentation is detailed and interpreted as an object of study. Finally, the propositional level, since the work will aim to offer solutions to the problems identified, which will be reflected in the requirements of the research. The modality of this research is bibliographic because information from scientific articles from high-impact indexed journals was searched, selected, and interpreted for the construction of the conceptual theoretical framework. In addition, field studies were carried out in the selected school to obtain accurate data on the educational reality. This research unit is structured by a total of 72 students, in the age of around 12 and 13 years, which was taken in its entirety for sampling, in the same way with the teachers responsible for the eighth grade being a total of 4. In accordance with the above, the results obtained revealed that oral presentations are the strategy most used by teachers in the classroom. Consequently, a large majority show interest in the development of the class almost always. On the other hand, more than half of respondents reported experiencing nervousness and hesitation when speaking in front of their peers. In summary, the influence of oral communication strategies is significant because it allows the student to strengthen their argumentative competence, otherwise the student may have difficulty expressing themselves correctly and developing coherent and logical arguments. Based on the results obtained and interpreted mentioned above, the following was proposed: the design of a didactic guide for teachers of the eighth year of Higher Basic Education, on the use of forums, round tables and debates, which promote oral expression allowing to enhance the argumentative competence of students, which is structured with the detailed explanation of the suggested activities, Each of these will have its respective evaluation rubric, emphasizing oral expression and argumentative competence.