Los problemas de conducta y su incidencia en el rendimiento académico del estudiante.

Abstract

The objective of this research work is to study behavioral problems in 4th grade EGB students of the Héroes de Jambelí School, by means of a bibliographic reflection; it responds to a quantitative-qualitative field study. Explanatory, descriptive and exploratory techniques were applied, and instruments such as an observation guide, interview and survey were used to systematize sufficient scientific evidence according to the objective set out in a population of 33 students taken as a study sample. The research work is developed with the diagnosis of the object of study, the identification of the central problem, using the objectives of the inquiry and whose central purpose is to determine, behavioral problems and their incidence in the academic performance of fourth grade students, Escuela Héroes de Jambelí, 2021-2022. Then, the delimitation of the variables corresponding to the methodological strategies, followed by the development of the theoretical, conceptual, contextual and legal framework. The results found through the execution of the research instruments allow us to conclude that students present behavioral problems in the classroom causing low school performance, due to the lack of methodological strategies, so teachers do not pay due attention to their students and work only with the established microcurricular planning without implementing any didactic methodology that calls the attention of the student when teaching their class. Similarly, the main types of behavioral problems in students were determined, which are: Aggressiveness, bullying, verbal violence and physical violence. According to the teacher interview: Students show an average degree of difficulty in interacting socially, thus reflecting behavioral problems in the classroom. In addition, undoubtedly, based on the aforementioned, they have a low academic performance, which is why they are unable to develop classroom activities correctly. It is concluded that children's behavior problems are growing in our society, so it is important to know more and more about their development and solution, the different ways in which teachers are involved in their development. For this reason, it was essential to propose a methodological orientation guide that benefits the student who presents inadequate behavior patterns, through fixed activities according to a strategy in function such as cooperative, collaborative and individual. In these activities there is a well elaborated process of techniques, objectives, material and finally the development which is where it is established what is intended to be carried out through the activity. The activities allow the student to keep his mind and attention occupied. In this sense, the design of the proposal is established and argued with the theoretical bases and results of improvement, therefore, the structure of the orientation guide.