Medidas terapéuticas y profilácticas ante la presencia de enfermedades en el cultivo de crustáceos y peces.

Abstract

The aquaculture sector has shown improvements in production levels over the years. However, the different diseases of bacterial and viral nature, has made them reflect significant economic losses in the production of aquatic organisms, generating in turn concern in this sector. Therefore, this research is focused on publicizing the use of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments in order to control and prevent possible pathological events. In the case of therapeutic measures that present broad microbial spectrums we have, the application of florfenicol for the infection of V. harveyi in white shrimp of 15 to 25 g. where they applied doses of 0, 10, 20, 30 mg. Noticing a survival of 80% in the dose of 10 mg. On the other hand, the use of oxytetracycline in the syndrome of the red mark in trout (O. mykiss) applying 25g / kg of feed in 20 days later noted healed lesions. On the other hand, the prophylactic measures used for the prevention of pathologies we have, probiotics in which in a study they used 10 ° CFU / ml of Lactobacillus rhamonosus in food in immunological improvement of trout (O. mykiss) against Yersina ruckeri evidencing greater survival to those of the control treatment. As for the application of prebiotic, in a study they tested prebiotic honey in immune response against V. parahaemolyticus. resulting in the dose of 0.75% had higher survival with 73.33%. On the other hand, the use of organic acids as for example in a study used ellagic acid in trout feed (O. mykiss) against red mouth disease, obtaining a 100% survival in treated fish. As for immunostimulants, in one study they used b-glucans in tilapia diets improving the level of protection and lowering mortality levels against A. hydrophila.