Bullying y su incidencia en el rendimiento académico en una niña de 11 años con dislexia

Abstract

Bullying is a form of abuse or harassment that is generated within the school context, which is why students who are bullied tend to lower their academic performance, as they find it difficult to concentrate in class and often prefer not to attend the institution or escape from their course, which is why this research will help society to understand that a child can lower their academic performance for various reasons, one of them is the abuse they suffer in the classroom. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of bullying on the academic performance of an 11-year-old girl with dyslexia. In order to support this work, specific objectives have been established, such as describing the academic performance of the girl with dyslexia and identifying the type of bullying of which the girl is a victim. In addition, a systematic review of various databases such as SciELO, Dialnet, Redalyc and repositories has been carried out. The problem is centred within the "Simón Bolívar" Basic Education School located at Avenida de las Palmeras 919 and Pasaje Esquina, where the case of an 11 year old girl who has been bullied during her school years by her classmates, while attending classes in person, has become evident. For the aforementioned problem, the following techniques and instruments have been used for the collection of data that allow the achievement of the objective proposed in the investigation: observation guide that is an instrument for the collection of data on the behavior of the student at the moment of carrying out reading and writing activities in the same way for her actions within the institution, the semi-structured interview that allows the investigation of the variables having as objective the collection of information through a dialogue carried out between two or more people, Dr. Olea Reading and Writing Test that allows the enquiry of the variables having as objective the collection of information through a dialogue carried out between two or more people, Dr. Olea Reading and Writing Test that allows the inquiry of the variables having as objective the collection of information through a dialogue carried out between two or more people. Olea, which allows the enquiry of data on the child's reading and writing, and finally the A. EP questionnaire used for the evaluation of the child's self-esteem. In this research, the qualitative approach was used, which allows for the in-depth explanation, analysis and description of the phenomenon studied, allowing for continuity to be given to it. Furthermore, the scope of this work is descriptive, as it seeks to detail and identify possible positive or negative relationships between the phenomena studied, considering that in this type of study the variables are not manipulated, thus avoiding their modifications, acquiring clear and precise data for subsequent analysis and description. The purpose in the selection of these models is to describe the particularity of a girl with Dyslexia of 11 years old, as well as the incidence between Bullying and academic performance. The results show that Bullying has a significant impact on the academic performance of an 11-year-old girl with Dyslexia, since she feels fear, fatigue and harassment from her classmates and prefers not to do the tasks that are set, participate in class or even continue with the academic level, she has also presented a change of behavior within the educational context and at home, becoming more submissive and sometimes aggressive, For this reason, the following recommendations are presented to continue with the present investigation and its related activities: that the girl attend family therapy and relaxation therapy to counteract her aggressive behavior, consecutive attendance of academic reinforcement and curricular adaptations for her teaching-learning process.