Comparación de dietas balanceadas para cultivo intensivo de camarón blanco litopenaeus vannamei en la camaronera cavipro, provincia de El Oro.

Abstract

Shrimp is a highly consumed product worldwide, where countries like Ecuador are one of the largest exporters of this crustacean worldwide. This crop is one of the main economic and exportable activities in Ecuador, becoming the second export product below oil and above bananas. The shrimp sector, like all sectors, has had its ups and downs, especially due to the presence of diseases, for which it is necessary to have quality economic, technological and human resources, to maintain efficient operational activities for the recovery of the investment that is high, and must be competitive with what can be obtained with the highest volume of production to deal with international prices that are usually volatile, especially in these times of pandemic. Such growth is given by the permanent investment of shrimp farmers who seek new methods and techniques to optimize and expand the culture of the crustacean. One of these techniques is the intensive one that is carried out outside the limits of the coastal zone, using well water and with less salinity, for which an adequate management of the productive processes is required, being the feeding one of the factors. most important for their survival, which in turn represents the largest item in production costs. Given this reality, in the present work a comparative study of balanced diets was carried out to determine what type of food meets the needs of intensive farming. The objective of the work is to elaborate a comparative analysis of balanced diets for intensive cultivation of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in the CAVIPRO shrimp farm, province of El Oro. The methods used for the collection of information were descriptive, field, analytical, with the that conclusions can be obtained for the benefit of the shrimp sector. For this, the company CAVIPRO was chosen, who gave the facilities to carry out the investigation, in turn, they will be the maximum beneficiaries of the work. Two shrimp pools with an area of 5,200 m2 each, with a density of 106 animals/m2, were used so that the results can have a better level of comparison. As a result, it was obtained that the balanced diet of brand "A" with 30% protein pellets generated better results than "B" with 28% protein, with faster growth, higher productivity, and higher survival, better FCR. In addition to the above, the water quality parameters were stable and it is a more economical balance. The study was carried out during the fattening phase that covers eleven weeks, within which the study feeds were worked for eight weeks until harvest. However, more production cycles must be carried out to have greater certainty about the benefits and benefits of balanced "A", before suggesting that the CAVIPRO shrimp farm use this brand in its production processes due to the favorable results that were conceived in the present research.