Propuesta de ejercicios físicos para la prevención de escoliosis en el subnivel elemental.

Abstract

This research project focuses on the prevention of scoliosis and its impact on the quality of life of children at the elementary level. The primary objective was to determine the importance of scoliosis prevention and its impact on the quality of life of these children. To achieve this, the study identified the importance of preventive physical exercises, determined the presence of scoliosis by applying the Adams test to students, and proposed a guide of physical exercises aimed at preventing scoliosis at different educational levels. Data collection was based on a mixed-method approach with a descriptive methodology, diagnosing the reality of students concerning scoliosis at the Jesús de Nazareth School. The methods used included analytical-synthetic, along with auxiliary methods such as comparative and bibliographic, which significantly contributed to gathering information to meet the specific objectives. The sample consisted of high school students and the physical education teacher. The selected instruments were interviews, surveys, observation sheets, and the Adams test, designed based on the objects of study, deriving dimensions and indicators that guided the creation of the instruments with a Likert scale, facilitating the collection of opinions and attitudes of those involved and allowing for scoring from fixed responses. The analysis of the survey results and the Adams test revealed the prevalence of scoliosis and the need to implement preventive physical exercises. In response to the third specific objective, a guide of adapted physical exercises and scoliosis prevention strategies was designed to improve educational practice and the quality of life of students. The integrative proposal was developed in three phases: design of the methodological guide, socialization, and evaluation of the guide. Logistical resources and a feasibility assessment in technical, economic, social, and environmental dimensions were included, demonstrating the ability to achieve the stated objectives and the feasibility of the proposal with the available resources.