La función psicológica del arte usando la pintura expresionista como medio representativo

Abstract

This research paper addresses the connection between art, specifically expressionist painting, and mental health. The author explores how art, beyond its aesthetic value, can act as a therapeutic tool for both the creator and the viewer. The study is framed within the fields of art and psychology, focusing on expressionism as a way to externalize deep emotions that are difficult to verbalize. This project analyzes the role of expressionist art in emotional regulation, self-reflection, and self-knowledge, citing current research that supports the effectiveness of art therapy in the treatment of disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. The use of intense colors, distorted forms, and the representation of the inner world are highlighted as essential characteristics of Expressionism, exemplified by artists such as Nikolaos Lytras, Paula Modersohn-Becker, Erma Bossi, Eduardo Kingman, and Oswaldo Guayasamín. The artistic proposal consists of a portrait of a nude young woman whose body is reflected in a mirror. The work is treated with acrylic on canvas in an Expressionist style. The painting aims to make visible personal experiences related to anxiety and depression, and to highlight the potential of art as a therapeutic tool in the Ecuadorian context, where these issues still carry social stigma. The construction phases of the work are outlined, starting from a solid conceptual foundation, the development of sketches, and the final production, highlighting the connection between artistic theory and practice. The research concludes that Expressionist painting allows for a safe space for emotional expression, facilitates the processing of difficult experiences, and can significantly contribute to psychological well-being.