Herramientas digitales y su incidencia en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales, subnivel básico superior, Unidad Educativa Dr. Juan Henríquez Coello, período 2024-2025

Abstract

The present study aims to determine the impact of digital tools on the teaching-learning process in the area of Natural Sciences at the educational institution “Dr. Juan Henríquez Coello” in the city of Machala, during the 2024–2025 academic year. This research arises from the urgent need to integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into the educational process, acknowledging that 21st-century education demands innovative teaching and learning methodologies, particularly in a context where access to digital environments has become a constant for both students and teachers. The use of digital tools is not only considered an additional resource but also an opportunity to stimulate learning, foster active student participation, and strengthen teachers’ digital competencies.The research adopted a quantitative and qualitative approach with a descriptive design, employing interviews with Natural Sciences teachers and documentary review to collect information regarding educational needs and limitations in technology integration. The sample included Basic Education teachers, who shared their experiences and challenges in using digital tools. In addition, an observation guide was applied to verify the use of technology in the classroom, systematizing the information through thematic categorization to identify patterns and technical-pedagogical criteria. Simultaneously, a probabilistic sample of 217 students, out of a total of 475, was surveyed to analyze the relationship between digital tools and the impact of teaching practices on the learning of Natural Sciences. Data were processed into tables and statistical charts, interpreted, and supported by theoretical references.Findings indicate limited teacher training in digital competencies and a lack of systematic use of digital tools for educational purposes. Nevertheless, a considerable level of motivation and willingness was observed among teachers to receive training and apply technologies that enhance the teaching-learning process.As a response, a proposal was developed consisting of an interactive video tutorial to guide teachers in the use of specific digital platforms such as Gamma, Canva, and Kahoot. These tools were selected for their accessibility, ease of use, and adaptability to different learning styles. The instructional material includes detailed explanations, practical examples, and methodological suggestions, facilitating its autonomous implementation in the classroom.The conclusions confirm that the effective implementation of digital tools in the teaching of Natural Sciences significantly contributes to improving educational quality, promoting active learning, and strengthening students’ scientific competencies. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the relevance of continuous teacher training, equitable access to technology, and the pedagogical integration of ICT as essential components to transform teaching into more innovative, collaborative, and meaningful contexts.