Gestión contable como herramienta para control de los recursos financieros en la empresa Transguabe S.A.

Abstract

Our case study reveals that, despite applying the double-entry system, TRANSGUABE S.A. suffers from deficient integration between its accounting processes and effective financial control. A lack of formal policies and uniform measurement criteria compliant with International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs) has been observed, compromising the reliability and comparability of its financial information. The Journal and Ledger Books, while functional, lack continuous updating, and the Bank Book suffers from a lack of permanent reconciliations and formal controls, increasing the risk of errors and fraud. TRANSGUABE S.A.'s Financial Statements, such as the Income Statement and Balance Sheet, are presented periodically, but their strategic utility is limited due to a lack of financial planning and liquidity management policies. A crucial weakness identified is the absence of formal management for investment and financing activities, which prevents income diversification and the optimization of cash surpluses. Interviews revealed a notable contradiction between the accountant, who possesses technical knowledge of investment and borrowing methodologies, and the manager, who denies the current practice of such operations, highlighting missed value opportunities. In summary, this study underscores the urgent need to formalize and standardize accounting policies and procedures at TRANSGUABE S.A. under IFRS for SMEs guidelines. The implementation of detailed procedural manuals, rigorous internal controls, and strategic financial planning are crucial to transform accounting into a true tool for optimization and sustainable growth. This transformation will not only improve operational efficiency but also strengthen stakeholder confidence and set a precedent for the transport industry in Ecuador.