factores socioeconómicos incidentes en la deserción escolar de estudiantes de la unidad educativa "el oro" de machala, periodo 2023 - 2024

Abstract

This study examines the complex employment situation of family parents, often unstable, which makes it difficult for their children to continue their education on a regular basis. These factors, added to the lack of family support in some cases, contribute significantly to many young people abandoning their studies, affecting their academic and personal development. The main objective of this research is "To identify the socioeconomic factors that affect the school dropout of students from the “El Oro” Educational Unit of Machala, period 2023-2024", considering the deficiencies in the educational system faced by low-income youth. economic resources to be supported with some type of support in this way they can have the same opportunities as any other student, generating to continue with their academic training without any interruption that allows them to stop with their studies. The degree work is based on the theory of social stratification that proposes a society organized into different groups or social classes, relating them to power, money, status, education or access to resources. This hierarchical system can have a significant impact on the opportunities and conditions in people's lives, influencing aspects such as access to educational services, employment and other economic opportunities. The methodology used in the research is mixed and its epistemological approaches were the following: empirical-inductive, rational-deductive and hypothetical-deductive; This allowed obtaining reliable information through statistical data, taking into account the verification of the hypotheses proposed to verify whether they are correct or not and explain the reality of the anomalies already studied. In reference to the results obtained through the research instruments, it can be determined that this is due to the socioeconomic factors that young people face due to the job instability of their parents on which they depend so that they can continue their education, many times not They cannot cover the sufficient expenses that they can provide for their children, it generates demotivation and in turn they choose to abandon and in the same way it harms their future. Considering the results of the research, an intervention proposal was designed, called: “Design of a comprehensive system of scholarships and complementary support for students with limited economic resources at the El Oro de Machala Educational Unit with the purpose of promoting equitable access to a quality education, contributing to academic, personal and social development.”, which will provide the authorities of the educational institution with good management of the system, providing the most vulnerable students with some type of help and avoiding school dropouts.