condiciones socioculturales en la inserción laboral de la comunidad afroecuatoriana de la ciudad de machala, año 2023

Abstract

The research work aims to determine the socio-cultural conditions and their effects on the labor market insertion of the Afro-Ecuadorian community in the city of Machala. The same that has proven to have social relevance arising in the need to understand and address the barriers faced by this ethnic group in employment; the methods used in the research were quantitative and qualitative combining deductive and inductive, with the application of techniques that helped to have a broader view of the subject including observation to collect information systematically on daily and work activities, the survey to obtain quantitative data from a representative sample and the interview to collect specific information about the experiences and challenges. The most important results obtained through the research show that the barriers faced by Afro-Ecuadorians in terms of labor market insertion are: persistent racist prejudices, lack of knowledge of inclusive public policies that favor minority groups and lack of understanding of cultural diversity on the part of employers hindering equal employment opportunities. In addition, various forms of discrimination were evidenced, such as: verbal, labor, academic, psychological and physical; the difficulty to obtain a satisfactory educational level due to the scarcity of economic resources within their families is a problem that hinders their chances of getting a decent job. The degree work concludes that the labor insertion of the Afro-Ecuadorian community in the city of Machala is obstructed by various structural and socio-cultural factors due to the perpetuation of racial stigmas, the lack of inclusive policies, the limited understanding of cultural diversity by society considerably restricts the access of this community to fair and equal jobs, jobs without prejudice, correct treatment in the work environment and decent wages without ethnic distinction. The proposal emerges from an investigation carried out in the city of Machala with the purpose of developing technical skills in enterprises directed towards the Afro-Ecuadorian community in the city of Machala due to the low labor insertion of this community because of marginalization in employment. This vulnerable situation has a negative impact on the economic stability of Afro-Ecuadorian families, limiting some aspects such as education, health and security. Practical and effective solutions are provided through the proposal of the artisan training project, promoting the development of technical skills and local enterprises that generate economic livelihoods, thus strengthening the self-esteem and social cohesion of the community. The urgent need to improve the working and socioeconomic conditions of Afro-Ecuadorians in Machala, the workshops in specific craft areas supported by strategic alliances with public and private institutions contribute to the implementation of the project, the monitoring and evaluation system ensures quality technical training, encouraging creativity and innovation within the community. This contributes to transform knowledge into various commercial products or services that contribute to improve the economic income and the capacity for self-employment seeking effective labor insertion, sustainability and the development of these initiatives in the long term by the Afro-Ecuadorian community in Machala.