Fitobiótico a base de neem (azaridachta indica) para tratamiento de vibriosis en litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

The aquaculture of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, a favourite species for farming, is challenged by problems with diseases, including those caused by bacteria such as Vibrio sp. This is why the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a phytobiotic based on neem (Azadirachta indica) for the treatment of vibriosis in Litopenaeus vannamei. For this purpose, alcoholic extracts (ethanol) of neem leaf, seed and leaf + seed were obtained, and their inhibitory power against Vibrio sp. was tested by means of an antibiogram sensitivity test. Subsequently, a hepatopancreas plate seeding was carried out to determine the number of CFU/ml of Vibrio sp. in the shrimp. Finally, it turned out that the leaf extract was the best as it produced a larger halo, therefore, after testing two doses (200 and 400 µl/g) in feed to determine the toxicity in the shrimp, it was found to be innocuous as it had 100% survival during the study time. This led to the conclusion that the dose of 200 µl/g was the best numerical result, representing a greater inhibitory power against Vibrio sp., which suggests that it could be used for the treatment of this disease.