Efectos del uso de alimentadores automáticos sobre el consumo de alimento y el crecimiento del camarón (Litopenaeus Vannamei) entre invierno y verano, en el sector Guarumal - Provincia de El Oro

Abstract

In Ecuador, one of the factors that most affect shrimp farming is the climatic variation that exists in the winter and summer seasons. The effect of automatic feeders in shrimp farming was evaluated in both seasons by means of a three-phase crop production, which have an efficient use in production, improving the growth and survival of shrimp. The present study was carried out from June 2021 to May 2022 in the shrimp farm located in the Guarumal site of the El Oro Province. Three ponds were selected and used in both seasons, called Phase 1 (Ps-A), Phase 2 (Ps-B) and Phase 3 (Ps-C). The initial seeding for the summer season was 13 cam/m2. and for the winter season 14 cam/m2. Feeding of the shrimp in both seasons was by means of automatic feeders (timer) and the amount of feed dosed was in relation to the commercial table used by the shrimp farm. Through the data obtained in this study, it was demonstrated that in the winter season, greater commercial sizes were obtained in the 3 culture phases, obtaining a higher difference in weight averages with 5.3 g. than in the summer season, taking into account that in both seasons the culture weeks were similar. However, in the summer season survival was higher, with a difference of almost double in relation to the winter season with 37.54% survival. In relation to two important parameters in shrimp culture, temperature and oxygen, these were monitored twice a day, in the morning and in the afternoon, demonstrating that fluctuations in oxygen and temperature in winter cause high food conversions, which translates into enormous losses in production.