Intoxicación por consumo de cereales contaminados con aflatoxina b1 y su implicación en eventos carcinogénicos por mutación

Abstract

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are toxic substances caused by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which have the power to contaminate cereal crops before and after harvest. A temperature of 25-35 °C and humidity of 80-90% are required for the development of the mycotoxin. AFB1 can cause acute or chronic toxicity depending on the dose ingested. The chronic form is the most common, being the product of continuous exposure in small doses, leading to diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, infant growth retardation, immunosuppression, exposure of the fetus in the womb and even the death of the human being. Reason why it becomes an important issue in public safety. That is why the objective of this bibliographical research is to explain the mechanism of toxicity of aflatoxins B1 that induce carcinogenic events by mutation through the review of reliable sources such as scientific articles. To achieve the resolution of this practical case, the descriptive method was applied. Thus, based on the research carried out, it was determined that aflatoxin B1, through its mechanism of toxicity based on its epoxide radical, generates the mutation of codon 249 of the p53 gene, where carcinogenic events finally arise due to said mutation.