Habilidades sociales y rendimiento académico en un estudiante con trastorno negativista desafiante.

Abstract

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), is a pathology in which frequent behaviors of; irritability, anger, hostility and defiance before authority, this is latent in various contexts, occurring from an early age and its greatest impact is in the course of schooling, where constant problems are generated from coexistence with others to affectation in the teaching-learning process, due to the negativistic behavior that the student presents when carrying out instructions. Children with ODD, given their problematic responses, make their peers distance themselves and there is constant rejection, so when cases are not diagnosed and no one is aware of what the child is suffering from, it makes them feel misunderstood, crossed out of problematic, little empathic, disrespectful and the various labels that society has to offer, making the problem bigger and adding more and more triggering factors, which in the future totally affects their social skills and acts incomprehensible to their environment, even to their own integrity. Therefore, the present study poses the following scientific problem: What characteristics do social skills and academic performance have in a student with oppositional defiant disorder? To answer that question, the general objective to which the research is directed is to determine the characteristic of social skills and academic performance of a student with oppositional defiant disorder. Regarding the methodology used, it was emphasized from a qualitative approach and type of descriptive research, which allows to respond to the stated objective. At the same time, to present information truthfully, the following instruments were used; observation with their respective guide in the school context, structured interview addressed to the mother and use of the Social Skills Scale (EHS) test to the 12-year-old student with ODD, from a psychopedagogical perspective to achieve important data collection on social skills and academic performance. The results obtained in the investigation, allowed to detail the characteristics that a student with ODD presents, in relation to the study variables; social skills and academic performance, determined that the child is frustrated by socializing with his peers and in carrying out the activities that are ordered, in the same way through the interview, the mother mentioned that the child prefers to stay away from social gatherings, regarding expressing your emotions; it is very difficult for him to do so, while in the EHS it was determined that the child obtained an overall percentile of 15, placing the child in a low level in social skills. Finally, the conclusions focus on the fact that the student with ODD lacks social skills and their academic performance is low, presenting the following characteristics; absence of assertive behaviors in social interactions, refusal to follow orders, frustration in conflict situations, lack of cooperation with their peers in carrying out activities, they are easily distracted, give importance to issues that are only of interest to them and have constant disagreements with the teachers. Given the above, it ends with various recommendations aimed at promoting the dissemination and awareness of issues aimed at training parents, teachers, specialists, to work with students who present ODD and contribute to improving their social skills and academic performance.