Uso de pictogramas para desarrollar la lectura comprensiva en estudiantes de segundo año EGB, Unidad Educativa Ciudad de Machala, periodo 2021-2022

Abstract

The present degree work is oriented on pictograms as a methodological resource to facilitate and improve reading comprehension, by virtue of the fact that, in basic education, it is common to have students who have difficulties in understanding texts and images, which interrupts learning. and have a good academic performance. It is essential to recognize that reading skills are important for the formation of students during the academic process, therefore, the area of language of literature is a subject that allows developing skills that will strengthen knowledge when the student begins the higher grades. tall. It is important to mention that teachers must make use of new innovative resources that encourage students to analyze and understand information from a text. This is how the need is seen within the educational institutions of the country to improve praxis and reaffirm their vocation through new methodologies that focus on generating significant learning in students to have critical and reflective citizens. For this reason, the present research project is aimed at the use of pictograms to develop comprehensive reading in second-year students of basic general education, Educational Unit ''City of Machala'', period 2021-2022. For what it is centered that it is an investigation that is directed to the area of language and literature, it was carried out with a qualitative-quantitative approach, the level of the investigation is descriptive-explanatory where the description is evidenced within the pictograms and the understanding reader and analysis and is explanatory because it is focused on the results of the applied methodology that yielded important results, with the purpose of solving the existing problem. For this, techniques and instruments were carried out, such as surveys, interviews and observation guides for both students and the classroom teacher, which allowed them to make known about the reality of the problem and affirming the hypotheses raised from the beginning of the investigation. where it was known that the teacher makes little use of didactic resources and therefore does not apply the pictograms to improve comprehension reading, therefore there is a learning deficit that results in low academic performance, another disadvantage that teachers could limit is the lack of time and the little update to innovate within the classroom, this affects the children because they are the ones who will be harmed in the school stage. To solve the problem according to the need, it is proposed as an alternative to carry out a training workshop aimed at teachers and directors of the Educational Unit ''Ciudad de Machala'' said objective is to improve the development of comprehensive reading to correctly apply the pictograms within the classroom, the proposal is feasible because the technical, economic and social requirements complement an improvement for the teaching process, in this way it is easier for students to be motivated to change their traditional practices becoming a challenge for the benefit of the educational establishment.