Riesgos de crecimiento financiero en una pastelería durante la pandemia de covid-19: endeudamiento, liquidez y rentabilidad, periodo 2020 – 2021.

Abstract

In the business field, the use of financial indicators is an essential tool for internal and external control that allows making the right decisions for proper operation during the Covid-19 pandemic, considering that this caused a health and economic crisis, with great impact in different sectors being the food sector one of the main affected. In the present study of cases, the growing financial risk has been considered in the pastry shop “La Casa de las Tortas,” which has been noted for its extensive commercial and economic career during 14 years, in the making and selling of cakes, desserts, sweet snacks, and many more; considering that during the year 2021, the pastry had a low level of financial growth due to temporarily closing down from its daily day activities in which, presented a numerous of inconveniences to accomplish its financial, labor and tax obligations. The general objective is to establish the risks of financial growth in a pastry during the covid-19 pandemic by analyzing the financial indicators: indebtedness, liquidity and profitability applied during the first semester in the period of 2020 – 2021 to identify its current financial situation for decisions taking. The basic modality of the investigation of the design is documentary, in the which has been searched for information in other sources of related topics on financial growth risks and the financial reasons of indebtedness, liquidity, and profitability; reason why, the investigation carried out is of a no experimental type. The methodology applied, is analytical – descriptive, with quantitative and qualitative focus, in which an interview guide is applied as an investigation directed towards the pastry shop owner of “La Casa de las Tortas” and the corresponding documentary observation, both directed in the purchasing process, sales and indexes of indebtedness, liquidity and probability on the aforementioned variables, to determine the degree of probability that this generates on its sales in relation to the competition and financial growth risks during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results obtained in reference to liquidity, indicated that the pastry shop represents negative values due to not counting with enough working capital of operation during the year of 2021, which indicates an unfavorable financial risk for its owner; likewise, the current reason, denotes that the pastry does not count with the enough recourses for its short-term obligations in 2021; for which it doesn’t have enough liquidity to meet its current assets and short-term liabilities; on the other hand, the margin of net profitability, during the year of 2021 the pastry shop presented 27% of earnings in comparison to the year 2020 that reflected a 42%, this decreased is due to the crisis generated by the Covid-19 pandemic after the confinement of March 17 in the same year; likewise, the profit margin is minimal in consideration of the process of acquiring raw material for the production of its product; another factor that affects the risk of financial growth corresponds to the Microenterprise Tax Regime in the year of 2021, reason why, the owner of the pastry shop, was forced to cancel this tax to the regulatory entity such as the Internal Revenue Service (SRI).