Incidencia del ejercicio aeróbico en el mantenimiento y control del bajo peso, sobre peso y obesidad en los estudiantes de bachillerato

Abstract

This work dealt with investigating the aerobic exercises in the maintenance and control of low weight, overweight and obesity in first-year high school students of the Nueve de Octubre school, where the objective was directed at analyzing the aerobic exercises that are developed in physical education classes for the maintenance and control of underweight, overweight and obesity in students, characterize the aerobic exercises that affect the maintenance and control of low weight, overweight and obesity in education with students through literary review, identify the experience of teachers in the application of aerobic exercises for the maintenance and control of underweight, overweight and obesity, determine the orientation that teachers require on aerobic exercises in the maintenance and control of low weight, overweight and obesity with first-year high school students. The research has a quantitative-qualitative approach, with a descriptive methodology, thus managing to diagnose the reality of the Nueve de Octubre school in terms of aerobic exercises, maintenance and control of underweight, overweight and obesity. The methods with the greatest incidence in this inquiry are the analytical-synthetic and others that were integrated as auxiliaries, such as the bibliographic one, which contributed significantly at the time of collecting the information, to support the theoretical framework, the elaboration of instruments and finally to support the integrating proposal, as a contribution in favor of the educational institution that facilitated access to carry out the research. In relation to the sample, first-year high school students were considered, teachers in the area of Physical Education were taken into account. The selected instruments were the interview, observation guide and the survey that were related to the objects of study, from which the following dimensions were derived, aerobic exercises, underweight, overweight, obesity and teaching experience, and, consequently, the indicators served as a guide for the elaboration of the instruments with a Likert scale, which facilitated the reception of opinions and attitudes of the people involved in this inquiry and at the same time score the range of values from fixed answers. The analysis of results in the survey shows that teachers perform limited aerobic exercises in physical education classes. For the above and responding to the third specific objective, the integrative proposal was defined, which was oriented to propose a methodological guide to guide the teacher in carrying out aerobic exercises to maintain and control underweight, overweight and obesity in students as contribution to the improvement of the learning process. The proposal was structured in three phases of implementation, elaboration, socialization and evaluation of the guide, In addition, the logistical resources and the assessment of the feasibility with the dimensions, technical, economic, social and environmental were included, demonstrating the capacity to achieve the proposed objectives, determining the viability and material capacities of the executing parties of the proposal.