Metodología para la evaluación de movilidad urbana, en relación a la congestión vehicular de centros poblados de hasta 5.000 habitantes.

Abstract

The present work arose from the need to evaluate urban mobility in relation to vehicular congestion in populated centers, taking as indicators urban facilities, road infrastructure, and service levels of modes of transport. The objective of the research was to analyze urban mobility by evaluating the modes of transportation found in rural population centers of up to 5,000 inhabitants. To fulfill the objectives, the following methodology was proposed. The evaluation methods were based bibliographically through scientific articles, the modes of transport were characterized through evaluation criteria and a methodological proposal was designed. The results were applied in the case study in the rural parish El Retiro de Machala. As a result, 6 urban facilities and the state of the roads were inventoried, the serviceability of motorized mobility resulted in a type A service level, which represents a free vehicular flow. In the public transport serviceability modality, the level of service obtained was type B. This value indicates that the frequency and waiting time perceived by the user are within an acceptable range, but close to offering a service that is not very efficient. In the non-motorized Serviceability modality, a type B value very close to C was obtained due to the non-existence of bike paths and the existence of unauthorized parking. For the serviceability of the pedestrian modality, a type B service level is extended, which means that there is infrastructure such as sidewalks and permitted widths of roads. As a final evaluation, an IMUR was obtained with a score of 69.25%, which represents that the populated center maintains good urban mobility very close to regular, so it will be necessary to propose measures to improve the parameters studied.