Análisis de la cadena logística de exportación de banano en la ciudad de Machala en el periodo 2020-2021.

Abstract

Foreign trade in recent decades has grown rapidly and accurately, thus opening international paths, opening up the exchange of goods, for which they meet the needs of consumers in different importing countries. To start exporting and importing services or merchandise, it is considered to have expert agents in logistics processes, these are in charge and have the responsibility of mobilizing the loads from the place of departure to the place of destination, thus guaranteeing their work and achieve a perfect final delivery condition. Logistics has become a very important point in the world trade sector, since logistics services facilitate the transfer of goods in a faster and more efficient way, thus minimizing costs and arrival time. Within the logistics processes there are very important steps, one for example is the passage of cargo through Customs, since this is where the entry and exit of goods is controlled. This paper analyzes the logistical processes of banana exports in the city of Machala for the period 2020 - 2021, which in this city is one of the top banana exporters at the national and international level. Banana production in Ecuador has grown very quickly and positively, thus being the most important production in the country. It also describes the great importance that logistics have to do with this process, the different types of transport to be used, the logistics routes and the different Incoterms terms used for negotiation. An important aspect of this analysis is the forms and different strategies that companies have to take for a better process in their logistics chain, such as the use of advanced tools and technology in their electronic systems.