El cuento infantil: una estrategia didáctica para mejorar la comprensión lectora

Abstract

Reading comprehension is one of the fundamental bases within the educational process, however, there are shortcomings at the time of reading where students fail to grasp the idea of what they read. This reality is latent and served as the reason for the elaboration of the present study with a descriptive note where it began with a test to focus on the reality of the fourth grade of the School of Basic General Education Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, said study was systematized through of the methods of direct observation, documentary review, bibliographic review, content analysis, as well as the application of interviews to teachers, questionnaires and observation guide to fourth grade students. Therefore, the results show a low level of reading comprehension. Therefore, with the aim of improving this situation of reading comprehension deficit, a didactic guide was designed as a feasible proposal, which was validated by the group of experts who considered it to be adaptable and pertinent. This proposal is described through a theoretical and pedagogical foundation, as well as some relevant aspects for the granting of the proposal, such as: objectives, development of activities, structural components, implementation phases, logistical resources and the budget to improve the teaching learning in the comprehension of texts, so that teachers can use them in this subject with their students, thus providing didactic support which generates favorable results. Finally, the theoretical contributions of several authors in which this research is based on the methodological strategies that must be taken into account were taken into consideration, putting into practice the reading levels literal, inferential and critical in each activity proposed for a greater student development, where it encourages participation, the socialization of learning obtained and autonomy. With the test applied to fourth grade EGB students, a deficit was determined in the absence of capturing texts and a distant application of strategies by the teacher. Therefore, the execution of the proposal is proposed in a period of six months, a period in which the teachers will apply the compendium of childrens stories together with the activities to be carried out, which are detailed according to their instructions for each dimension. With its applicability XI in school practice, an improvement in the mastery of each reading level is intended to obtain better reception of ideas, synthesis of what the students read.