Determinar los daños ocacionados por presencia de coccidias en las mucosas intestinales de las aves y sus repercusiones economicas

Abstract

Poultry production has an important annual growth, it is a profitable production if all management, biosecurity and feeding standards are taken into account for those who are dedicated to the breeding and commercialization of chickens; but daily they are threatened with a great variety of diseases among them those produced by internal parasites, such as the so-called coccidiosis. Coccidiosis is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which are obligate intracellular parasites with life cycles that include sexual and asexual phases. In poultry, coccidiosis causes lesions in the intestine making it prone to acquire other diseases and also causes the loss of the ability to absorb nutrients. The characteristics of the lesions depend exclusively on the species of Eimeria that is causing damage to the intestine of the bird. The most important Eimeria species in birds are the following: Eimeria acervulina (lesions can be evidenced in the small intestine); E. brunetti (found in the ileum, in complicated cases the lesions reach the large intestine and upper areas of the small intestine); E. maxima (invades the middle portion of the small intestine, but in severe cases can cover the entire small intestine); E. necatrix (lesions in the middle portion of the small intestine); E. tenella (hemorrhages in both cecums); Treatment includes synthetic chemical anticoccidials such as amprolium, sulfonamides, toltrazuril, among others; in small productions they choose to make use of natural alternatives.