Cambios de la sexualidad en la mujer climatérica: una mirada desde la atención primaria de salud

Abstract

The climacteric is a physiological stage in the life of women 1, which consists of the process of adaptation and transition from a reproductive stage to a non-reproductive state, which takes place on average between 2 and 8 years before the date of menopause and ends 2 to 6 years after it. OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in sexuality in climacteric women, through the review of scientific literature, for proper management in primary health care. METHODOLOGY: A bibliographical research of clinical guidelines and articles in databases such as PubMed and Scielo, with a publication time of less than 5 years, was carried out. CONCLUSION: The changes that climacteric women present and that worsen sexuality are produced especially by the decrease in testosterone, changes in neurochemistry and indirect changes in the loss of estrogen, which affect urogenital changes and have a negative influence on motivation, mood and sexual desire. These being: decreased libido, vaginal sequelae, decreased sexual activity, dyspareunia, sexual dissatisfaction, which lead to disorders of sexual desire, arousal, lubrication and orgasm.