Habilidades cognitivas y motoras en una niña de nueve años con hemiparesia.

Abstract

Hemiparesis is a neurological condition that refers to motor impairment or partial paralysis that affects one side of the body, the subject has difficulties in mastering the left side of his body (arm and leg), which affects his cognitive abilities and motor, this causes that "normal and functional" development does not occur in school and daily activities, this has triggered complications in the areas of learning, social and affective in the girl. Based on this, the project's object of study is hemiparesis, which entails the following problem statement: What are the factors involved in the development of cognitive and motor skills in a nine-year-old girl with Hemiparesis? To answer this question, we have set the objective of determining the factors that intervene in the development of cognitive and motor skills in a nine-year-old girl with Hemiparesis. The basis of our work and theoretical support focuses on the constructivist and socio-cultural current, highlighting the great contributions of its theories such as meaningful and discovery learning, the Proximate Development Zone theory and on motor skills, mention is made of great exponents of psychological currents such as: Vygotsky, Piaget, Ausubel, which made it possible to collect all the important information for the creation of this project to support the research. Consequently, to obtain better results and reliability of our work, a research design was used whose approach was qualitative analysis of a descriptive-exploratory nature because it allows us to know the factors that influence the cognitive and motor skills of the girl to give explanations to the said phenomena studied taking into account the study variables. The tools that were used for the collection of information was the anamnesis file that gave us the basic information, family and school history, the interview was also used, which is of a qualitative nature considered as an effective tool to approach the subject in his individuality, A semi-structured interview was applied because it provides us with information with established questions and in turn new questions can be generated during the application, the observation allowed us to know what the relationship of the girl with her parents and friends is like apart from the advancement of her cognitive and motor skills compared to the compilation of reports provided by the mother. The Neuropsychological Maturity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (CUMANES) aims to assess the level of global neuropsychological development of children in an age range between 7 to 11 years, it is divided into 12 subscales grouped into 6 areas (Language, Visual perception, Executive functioning, Memory, Laterality and Rhythm) that reveal the strengths and weaknesses in the child's development. Finally, the 3JS motor coordination test was applied, Its objective is to calculate the level of motor coordination in children from 6 to 11 years old, this test consists of 7 contiguous tests without rest. The aforementioned tests were applied in the city of Machala to a 9-years old girl with hemiparesis, through the application of the Neuropsychological Maturity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (CUMANES), a neuropsychological development index of 83 was obtained, giving a low rank and the coordination test drive 3JS.The CIn the Neuropsychological Maturity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (CUMANES) a low neuropsychological development index of typical score is obtained 83.