Dificultad lecto escritora y estado emocional de un niño con discapacidad auditiva

Abstract

Hearing disability is a person who has a decrease in his hearing function and as a consequence, the subject has difficulties in hearing, limiting his capacity for oral expression and his linguistic development, on the other hand, these prevent "normal" development in his activities. daily life and in turn can trigger complications in the areas of learning, social and affective. That is why the present project has the objective of studying hearing impairment, and this leads to the following problem: What are the characteristics of a child with hearing impairment in his area of reading, writing and emotional state? And to answer this question we have proposed the objective of characterizing the reading-writing difficulty and emotional state of a child with hearing impairment. As the basis of our work and supporting theory, we focus on psychological currents such as constructivism and humanism, highlighting the contributions that the referents of these theories manifest, such as Piaget, Santo Tomás de Aquino, San Agustín, among others, allowing to collect Sufficient information for the substantiation of this work. Therefore, to generate a better response and effectiveness in our work, a mixed methodology was implemented focusing on the quantitative and qualitative paradigms that allow us to have a rigorous, systematized and empirical knowledge structure and in this way seeks to potentiate the object of study. The tools that were used for the collection of information was the interview which is in charge of establishing a bank of questions and these can be structured or semi-structured, depending on the researcher, therefore, it should be considered investigative in nature, generating a positive impact on the applied population and this case were applied to the mother and teacher. The second test that was applied is called "Test Knowing my emotions" created by the Psic. César Ruiz Alva whose objective is to evaluate emotional intelligence. The areas that this test measures are: Interpersonal Relationships, Intrapersonal Relationships, Adaptability, Mood I, Mood II. Finally, a battery designed by Dr. Ricardo Olea was used with the name “Dr. Olea”, this instrument contains 14 questions on reading, writing, spelling, copying, dictation, reading comprehension. The aforementioned tests were applied in the city of Machala to a 12-year-old girl with hearing loss. The results obtained by the tests showed that the girl in the emotional test could visualize that the area of "problem solving" generated a score of 25 with a low CP of 10 and as general results 173 points with a global CP of 90, a range considered normal and in the reading-writing test, the total sum of the items resulted in a score of 29, in which the girl is positioned in a moderately deficient reading-writing category, as a possible prognosis. As a general conclusion of our work, we can highlight that the diagnosis at an early age, the implementation of the cochlear implant and the commitment that exists between the family and the educational community that surrounds the student allowed the student to develop in a productive way in the literacy and emotional processes of a girl hearing impaired.