Aprendizaje basado en proyectos para el desarrollo de la interculturalidad en estudiantes de séptimo año de básica en estudios sociales

Abstract

"This degree work has been prepared based on the quantitative research methodology, under the modality of an integrative project, which focuses on the study and collection of information to determine the scarce intercultural knowledge and skills that students have in the Subject of Social Studies of Seventh Year of Basic of the School of Basic Education. ""Juan Montalvo"", likewise establish a proposal for a solution to the problem detected. The research is developed, from the beginning with the object of study, the problems, objectives, methodology, instruments used and the variables, the latter were analyzed based on the bibliographic review, which made it possible to make a comparison with the observations made at two parallels of the seventh year of the educational institution, in order to make a contrast of information in order to make the planning of the proposal that is timely and effective against the needs encountered. The methods used in the project were: as main the deductive and complementary: analytical-synthetic and statistical, with which information was collected based on the instruments applied in field research. The data obtained in the survey and interview allowed to determine that the students have little intercultural knowledge and skills due to the scant application of active methodologies in the classroom process, results that when contrasted with the theoretical foundation, allowed to establish possible alternative solutions to the teachers for the improvement of teaching and learning of interculturality. In this sense, the proposal of the integrating project was a methodological guide based on the Project-Based Learning method, which reveals various methodologies that the teacher can use in their classroom activities from the implementation of five phases that will lead the proposed project: detection of a problem, search for information, compilation and organization of information, planning of the final product, socialization of the final product, with which it is expected to develop intercultural knowledge and skills in students, allowing them to function adequately in all the contexts of life, which lead them to value their own, as well as the particularities of others. The dimensions that were taken into account for the elaboration of the proposal, is the technique, which allowed to analyze the context and the resources available to the educational institution; economic, where the costs involved in implementing the proposal were analyzed; social that allowed identifying the benefits to society in terms of interaction and good social relations; and environmental with which the benefits to the environment were identified during and after the execution of the programmed activities; These are fundamental for the development and presentation of the integrative project, since its main objective is to benefit the educational process and lead both teachers and students towards the acquisition of knowledge and skills to achieve this teaching methodology that is core to achieve holistic development to the resolution of socio-educational and socio-cultural conflicts. "