Proceso diagnóstico y evaluación del trastorno de bulimia nerviosa en la adolescencia, análisis de un caso clínico

Abstract

The present work aims to describe the diagnostic and evaluation process of bulimia nervosa disorder in adolescence. Eating disorders are defined as problems of food intake and alteration in the perception of body image causing both physical and psychological consequences in the person. In this way, bulimia nervosa is characterized by the presence of binges and purifying behaviors; among the most common symptoms is the concern for physical appearance, emotional lability, impotence, lack of control, depressive moods, anxiety, irritability, among others; this disorder begins at the end of puberty and is more common in females. A descriptive literature review based on updated scientific articles was conducted. It describes the evaluation process that begins with the interview to direct sources adolescent and indirect sources parents, the clinical history, examination of the mental state, it is also necessary the revision of the criteria of the DSM-V, to corroborate the diagnosis it is necessary the application of psychometric tests as the inventory of Eating Behavior Disorders EDI-3, Eating Attitudes Test EAT-40, Bulimic Research Test of Edinburgh BITE and the Test of Silhouettes for Adolescents TSA. The most effective psychotherapy in this problem is the cognitive-behavioral one that focuses on reducing inappropriate behaviors and cognitive distortions; among the most relevant techniques are psychoeducation, behavioral and cognitive techniques, it is of vital importance the family support and the patient's predisposition to achieve effective results.