Gestión financiera para la administración y control del efectivo en parrilladas Darwin de la ciudad de Machala, período 2019.

Abstract

The cash account is that element of current assets characterized by being the most liquid that the company has. Its study through financial management tools allows the proper administration of working capital. Consequently, the company, in order to achieve appropriate sustainability, must carry out a control of its economic operations, with the administration and control of cash being a fundamental pillar of maintaining optimal levels of liquidity in the effective and efficient development of operations. In this sense, the study problem is framed in the fact that the inapplication of financial management tools for the analysis of liquidity was evidenced, through indices that help to understand the capacity of the entity to solve its immediate obligations. On the other hand, the absence of cash control processes would be resulting in an inappropriate and inefficient use of the resources of the cash and bank account. Likewise, the existence of shortcomings in the administration of the cash and operating cycles of the company was verified; making reference to the process of analysis of the components involved in the conversion and recovery of cash in a given time. Finally, there is a deficient analysis of the company's cash flows, to determine how the business money is generated and used in operating, investment and financing activities. In this context, the company Parrilladas Darwin, requires the application of financial management tools oriented to cash account, due to the economic fluctuations that the country is experiencing, which causes, in certain periods, uncertainties about the ability to deal with its immediate obligations. Therefore, the general objective is: To evaluate the cash management and control processes through the application of financial management tools for an adequate management of the liquid resources of the company Parrilladas Darwin in the city of Machala, while the specific objectives are oriented to analyze the liquidity of the company applying financial management tools; examine the efficiency of cash control processes; diagnose the cash and operating cycles of the company; and, study processes of analysis of the cash flows of the organization. For this, a research design based on the quantitative approach was selected that aims to explain and seek generalizations about observable, measurable and replicable facts or objects, being necessary to obtain numerical information, mathematical procedures, complemented by the qualitative approach that uses descriptive texts, words and data as instruments, thus delving into experiences and opinions in order to understand the meanings of the problem from a holistic perspective. On the other hand, a methodology was established that used descriptive research, inductive reasoning, and the analytical method. The results of the investigation allowed to conclude that the analysis of different liquidity indicators showed that the company in the periods studied presented a capacity of optimal levels to be able to cancel its short-term debts; It was found that the company does not have standardized procedures and formal internal regulations for the verification and supervision of these funds; The results obtained from the operative cycle reveal adequate times in carrying out the processes of buying, selling and collecting inventories (products); while the cash cycle revealed a negative value due to the fact that production and collection times are very short compared to the payment period to suppliers; and, finally it was determined that the company does not know the origin and destination of the monetary resources, because it does not carry out the statement of cash flows. Based on these premises, it is suggested to periodically carry out a cash analysis; design a document or manual of cash control procedures; periodically carry out a diagnosis of operating and cash cycles; and, finally, the preparation of the statement of cash flows is recommended, as an integral part of the basic financial statements.