Enfermedades causadas por bacterias fitopatogenas en cultivos de banano (musa aaa) y plátano (musa abb) y sus estrategias de control

Abstract

The banana (Musa spp.) is the most popular fruit in the world and is among the ten best food products for Southeast Asia, Africa and Latin America. In particular, the crop is largely produced by small farmers, with about 85% of world production destined for local markets and only 15% in international trade. Most edible varieties developed from intra-hybridization of two species of Musa diploides (M. acuminata and M. balbisiana) and subsequent selection of seedless diploid and triploid clones. The banana (Musa spp.) is the fourth most valuable food in the developing world and globally is the 12th most important plant crop in value and quantity. It is a tropical herbaceous plant, intensively cultivated in warm, humid regions within many developing countries, and bears fruit throughout the year. Bananas and plantains (a type of banana for cooking) are among the world's most valuable primary agricultural products. In 2011, 145 million metric tons, worth an estimated $44 billion, were produced in more than 130 countries. Several pests and bacterial, fungal and viral diseases are the main constraints on their production. Among them is withering by Fusarium, also known as Panama disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (foc). It is one of the most destructive diseases of this crop and has a relatively wide range of hosts.