Stop motion herramienta educomunicacional para la disminución de patrones socioculturales femeninos de niñas y niños de la ciudad de Machala

Abstract

The production of audiovisual content of animation as an aducomunicational tool, helps the child to have a vision of reality, since it represents it by means of a drawing an thus facilitates its memorization, besides feeling related to what it sees. Rajadell, Pujol & Holz (2005) mention that “cartoons are an easy and accesible resource for the majority of the child population (…) to convey a series of cultural and educational values that, in parallel, are also represented through other media” (pág. 3). As indicated by Inmaculada (2016), the infant "confronts an audiovisual narrative that recreates a story through a story, a constructed reality; Throughout this discourse, models and behavioral patterns are presented that will contribute to the socialization of childhood and adolescence " (pág. 42). The sociocultural patterns are those habits or customs that are transmitted through the family, social and educational environment, however the main one is the family. As described by Gutiérrez (2014), the family “is the central nucleus where experiences and experiences derived from the reciprocal interaction with their external social context (…) are present in all societies and through it, humanity ensures its biological and cultural reproduction” (pág. 8). Changes in female sociocultural patterns in girls and boys are necessary, given that early childhood is the key point to form, educate, diminish and raise awareness about this type of problems that cause prejudices and create stereotypes, and that in the future they tend to become aggressors and submissive. These behaviors affect the identity of the person, their social construction and decision making. This research focuses on the analysis of female sociocultural patterns and then desing an educommunication proposal based on the Stop Motion technique with the purpose of diminishing the female sociocultural patterns present in the girls and boys of the city of Machala. The applied methodology consisted in the analysis of the sociocultural patterns through the techniques of observation and the focus group to the object of study whose results are corroborated through interviews with psychologists, producers of children's audiovisual content and also the teacher tutor of the students. Based on the results obtained and the theoretical comparison, the intervention proposal was elaborated and presented to the object of study to measure its different points of view and possible improvements in view of the problem posed. In this work it was determined that the female sociocultural patterns presented by girls and boys from 7 to 9 years of age are mainly due to the education provided by the parents, since through them the infants have a role model and apply it in their social environment, influencing the other children to acquire those behaviors that cause inferiority towards the female sex. Finally, as mentioned by Götz & Schwarz (2012) "the most propitious moments for learning are those in which the questions of children's everyday life are evoked, investigated, understood and worked on ..." (pág. xx); for which it was identified that the audiovisual contents based on animation are ideal to influence children, since they relate to their daily life, in addition to being interactive.