Implementación de bandas transversales, como reductor de velocidad, en la vía Machala- Guabo, parroquia La Iberia, cantón El Guabo.

Abstract

According to the authors O. Orozco Sarasti and G. Llano Ramirez, the speed reducers are physical works of easy visualization placed on the surface of the road, which are installed with the purpose that the driver reduces the speed in a certain stretch of road, we usually find located near educational institutions; These elements help to reduce the speed in ranges from 20km / h to 30 km / h. He speed reducer type also commonly known as speed bumps, donkey loin, speed breaks, lying police, is one of the most common and efficient devices, as a speed reducer consequently provides safety in crossing pedestrians, if you want to reduce the maximum speed it is advisable to locate projections in series or make a combination between this device and other reducers. The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the type of speed reducer located on the Machala - El Guabo road, the Iberia parish, since it is an essential infrastructure to regulate vehicular traffic, but they have negative repercussions for transporters and pedestrians when they are installed without the due technical considerations. For the analysis of the speed reducer type highlight in the Machala - El Guabo sector the Iberia, field inspections were carried out, to evaluate the current situation of the aforementioned reducer device, in addition the traffic study was carried out to evaluate the number of vehicles that make use of the speed reducer, the researcher made traffic flow gauges to know the speed of arrival of the automotive to the reducer Another important fact is to know the geometry of the shoulder located in the road section, for this the topographic survey of the road was done, as well as the reducer, with these data it could be corroborated with the measures of length, width and height that are established in current national regulations such as the National Ecuadorian Standardization Institute (INEN) and transport and public works ministries (MTOP). Due to the importance of signaling on the roads, in the present investigation, a technical study of the signals on a 300 m track section close to the speed reducer was developed in which the following aspects are mainly evaluated: visibility, position, shape, discoloration, wear, dirt and retro flexion, for which the researcher used the analytical method of the state index of vertical signaling (IESV). With the analysis of the results, it was demonstrated that it is necessary to implement a new speed reducer, with the purpose of boosting the vehicular flow, since with the location of the informative and preventive signage at 50 meters from the reducer it was shown that the vehicles they arrive with an average speed of 24.72 km/h. As a solution to the problem, a reducer of Vibratory Transverse Bands will be located, which is limited to the following technical specifications: 10 transversal lines, whose height does not protrude 20 mm when they are highlighted, will constitute it. The width of each white band should not exceed 25 cm and are separated by 50 cm.