Aprovechamiento de la cáscara de banano para la obtención de biogás: una alternativa energéticamente sostenible para el ambiente

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial waste offers an environmentally friendly renewable energy alternative. Therefore, this research focused on utilizing banana peel through its anaerobic co-digestion with pig manure for biogas production. The physical and chemical characteristics of the substrates, such as moisture, total solids, volatile solids, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and C/N ratio, were determined. Daily monitoring was carried out for 15 days. Subsequently, five reactors were constructed using 1-liter polyethylene bottles. Each reactor had different substrate ratios (T1= 90% CB + 10% EP, T2= 70% CB + 30% EP, T3 = 50% CB + 50% EP, T4= 30% CB + 70% EP, T5= 10% CB + 90% EP). Biogas volume was determined using polypropylene bags, while NH3 concentration was measured using an MQ-135 gas sensor. The results were as follows: T1 (Vbiogas= 2058 ml; NH3=171.86 ppm), T2 (Vbiogas= 2350 ml; NH3=3913.97 ppm), T3 (Vbiogás= 2150ml; NH3=5653.95 ppm), T4 (Vbiogás= 3235 ml; NH3=2772.11 ppm), T5 (Vbiogás= 1641 ml; NH3= 4101.42 ppm). Finally, it is concluded that agro-industrial waste was successfully utilized, achieving a maximum biogas production of 3235 ml in T4, with the highest total NH3 concentration of 5653.95 ppm in T3.