Resiliencia y rendimiento académico en un niño con discapacidad intelectual leve

Abstract

The intellectual disability is hard one that is shown in the first schooling years, it remains in a person’s lifetime and it might bring about many personal and social troubles. This difficult affects not only in teaching and learning process but also the emotional status of a child. Because of that the resilience is a fundamental characteristic in every person and it is more important if is about students with some educative necessity related or not to a disability because they require of this factor that benefit them más allows to reach their academic achievements. With respect to the significant relationship that exists between the categories of analysis of the research, the following question arises: What is the relationship between resilience and academic performance in a child with mild intellectual disability? Therefore, the main purpose of this case study is to determine the relationship between resilience and academic performance of a child with mild intellectual disability, derived, evaluated and diagnosed in the District Unit of Support for Inclusion UDAI of the city of Machala. Regarding the methodology for the execution of this research, the case study method was used, of descriptive type and assuming the qualitative approach, after determining the methodology of this research, instruments were developed and applied according to the processing of the information obtained, among them are the interview, observation guide, documentaries, the school resilience scale (ERE) that allowed measuring the level of resilience in a child of 9 years of age and finally the Raven's intelligence test based on figures to assess the intellectual ability of the child, observation guide, documentaries, the school resilience scale (ERE) that allowed measuring the level of resilience in a 9 year old child and finally the Raven's intelligence test based on figures to evaluate the intellectual ability, problem solving and the capacity of logical and abstract reasoning in a person. These instruments and techniques served as the basis for the qualitative analysis of the research variables, from which the appropriate conclusions and recommendations were obtained. In conclusion, after analyzing the results achieved by comparing the variables, it has been shown that there is a positive correlation between some personal, social and school factors regarding the level of resilience and the child's academic performance, showing significant characteristics of optimism and dedication to learning, so that it is possible for the child to have an appropriate academic response. It should be emphasized that, according to the research design, it is intended to provide information that facilitates the work of teachers and families, providing concrete and real data that allow decision making to meet the needs of children with mild intellectual disabilities. Likewise, as part of the recommendations used for people with mild intellectual disabilities are, to actively involve families in the distribution of their education and upbringing, to provide an environment of security and attachment that provide children with solid foundations for their growth and development, taking into account the importance of strengthening the level of resilience, self-esteem and confidence in people with intellectual disabilities, since this will allow creating support networks with those around them.