Identificación de microorganismos patógenos que afectan en el estado larval de camarón blanco (litopenaeus vannamei)

Abstract

The larviculture of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Ecuador was established in order to satisfy shrimp farmers with post-larvae, since wild larvae did not supply the entire sector. As time went by, new alternatives appeared for such activities, such was the case that only larvae from laboratories were used to avoid the presence of diseases in fattening crops. Nowadays, there are new challenges when it comes to maintaining animal health in optimal conditions, since it is affected by the presence of pathogens, including bacteria, which are the most common. Due to these problems, it is important to know or identify the pathogens that affect the different larval stages, with the sole purpose of minimizing the appearance of diseases, which has been studied for a long time. Pathogenic microorganisms such as Vibrio harveyi, cause diseases such as "Luminescent bacteria", "White balls or Zoe II Syndrome"; Vibrio parahaemolyticus causes "Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome (AHPNS) or Early Death Syndrome (EMS)" and is also responsible for "Vibriosis or Seagull Syndrome"; In the case of viruses, the bacilliform virus that causes the disease "Baculovirus penaei (BP)"; parasites such as Paraophioidina that are observed in gregarines; and finally fungi such as Lagenidium, all these pathogens can cause losses in larviculture.