Primera entrevista psicológica: impacto en alianza terapéutica y adherencia al tratamiento

Abstract

The initial psychological interview constitutes a critical moment in psychotherapy that establishes the foundations of therapeutic alliance and promotes treatment adherence. This study, through systematic literature review, analyzes research published between 2015-2025 on the relationship between the quality of initial sessions, early formation of therapeutic bond, and patient continuity in the process. Findings show that factors such as empathy, active listening, emotional validation, and joint goal clarification significantly strengthen the alliance from early stages, increasing adherence probability. Strategies like clear framework, initial task assignment, and therapist responsiveness enhance patient trust and involvement. Evidence confirms that first interview quality, conceived as a process spanning the first 2-3 sessions, predicts therapeutic success and reduces premature dropout by up to 40%