Estudio de caso: análisis económico de la inversión extranjera directa en el sector petrolero en Ecuador (2017-2021)

Abstract

The central theme of this research is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the oil sector in Ecuador in the period 2017-2021, with the objective of analyzing the relationship between FDI and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) using statistical methods that determine the correlation between study variables. Specific objectives have been established to identify the FDI received in the oil sector, compare the evolution of GDP, and interpret the relationship between FDI in the oil sector and economic health. The case study presents a methodology based on descriptive research complemented with a bibliographic review, in conjunction with a mixed approach in order to address quantitative and qualitative dimensions. As a research method, the ductive method has been selected, applying the content analysis technique from reliable sources. The results show the existence of a relationship between FDI in the oil sector and the economic well-being of Ecuador, denoting that increases in FDI tend to coincide with expansion phases in the country's GDP. This finding underlines the importance of the oil sector as an engine of economic growth and suggests that the injection of foreign capital into this industry plays a crucial role in strengthening the Ecuadorian economy.