Propuesta de manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico del nódulo de tiroides.

Abstract

Introduction: The Thyroid is a glandular organ, located in the anterior part of the neck with a very important endocrine function for metabolism, this have a high incidence of nodular lesions, of multi-causal origin with behaviors that range from harmless to very aggressive. Objective: To carry out a review of the updated bibliography in the different platforms of evidence-based medicine, which allows knowing and establishing the best behavior for an adequate and most beneficial management for those patients who present a thyroid nodule. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review is carried out, selecting those publications from the last 3 years of the type controlled clinical trials, clinical practice guidelines, meta-analysis and systematic reviews through evidence-based medicine platforms. Observations: The American Thyroid Association defines thyroid nodules as clearly distinguishable radiological lesions from the surrounding tissue, they are very common and their frequency is three to four times higher in women than in men, the majority are benign, with only a very small that is malignant, an initial evaluation is represented by thyroid stimulating hormone and ultrasound followed by scintigraphy and exclusive cytology for those suspected of malignancy, the latter define the treatment guidelines, which may be medical or surgical. Conclusion: The harmony in the sequence of the diagnostic methods avoids the execution of unnecessary procedures and also the benefit of an adequate therapy.