Síndrome de ovario poliquístico, diagnóstico por ultrasonido

Abstract

The importance of ultrasound in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) lies in its use for the detection and documentation of any anatomical alterations in the ovaries. Ultrasound evaluation of the ovaries is one of the mandatory criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS due to the Rotterdam and SAE/PCOS criteria. It is common to find polycystic ovaries as an incidental finding, being so that 23% of women of childbearing age are likely to have ovarian cysts, but only 5% and 10% will have the classic symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. For this reason, the objective is to determine the role of ultrasonography in polycystic ovary syndrome by means of a literature review. Development: Ultrasonographic criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS have evolved over time as the technological capabilities of ultrasonography have advanced. For the evaluation of PCOS diagnosis we not only have 2D ultrasonography, but also better tools, such as 3D ultrasonography, ovarian Doppler and ultrasonography with automated volume analysis. Conclusion: Ultrasonography has proved to be a highly sensitive diagnostic method. Therefore, the importance of ultrasound in the diagnosis of PCOS lies in its accessibility, speed and the advance of imaging techniques, which makes it more practical than biochemical tests.