Cepas de escherichia coli productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido en heces de caninos

Abstract

The article addresses the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Escherichia coli in dogs, focusing on antimicrobial resistance and potential risk factors. ESBLs are enzymes that compromise the efficacy of various antibiotics, posing a significant threat to public health. ESBLs have been primarily identified in bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly in Escherichia coli. The presence of these enzymes in animals, including dogs, is a growing concern as they can act as carriers and facilitate transmission to humans. The study aimed to phenotypically identify the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in rectal swabs from dogs, evaluate risk factors, and determine a microbial susceptibility profile. A recent study on dogs revealed a 44.5% prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli, confirmed phenotypically, with notable resistance to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. Identified risk factors included feeding raw meat, self-medication, contact with healthcare personnel, and recent surgeries, highlighting the importance of diet and antibiotic exposure. Although no resistance to carbapenems was detected, the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains calls for a thorough evaluation of antimicrobial use in animals. These strains limit treatment options, increase therapeutic failures, and drive up healthcare costs. Moreover, their zoonotic transmission potential complicates empirical therapy, emphasizing the need for continuous surveillance of ESBLs in animals.