Cáncer de piel, respuesta inmunológica

Abstract

Melanoma is an unusual but the most aggressive type of skin cancer, cancer cells are formed through different intrinsic or extrinsic processes that alter the DNA evading the host defense systems, Objective: To analyze the effect of solar radiation on skin cells by searching scientific information to argue the immune response in melanoma. Methodology: descriptive, analytical method, based on the bibliographic review of scientific articles, indexed in scopus, science direct, scielo allowing to evaluate the response developed in front of the pathology. Conclusion: Malignant melanocytes have developed due to genetic mutations inherited or induced by solar radiation, inherited oncogenes CDKN2A, CDK4 and others presented by UV rays N-Ras, BRAF. The proliferation of cancer cells activates components of the innate and adaptive system repressing the proliferation of malignant neoplasms but some variants evolve evading immunosurveillance action, thus triggering immunoedition which consists of three phases for cancer formation: elimination, equilibrium and escape