Análisis de la obtención de fibras de celulosa a partir de raquis de banano mediante extracción tradicional y extracción acelerada

Abstract

.Currently, agro-industrial waste is being used for the elaboration of new products and by-products of the different industries worldwide. The present experimental work consists of carrying out an analysis of the obtaining of cellulose fibers from banana rachis by means of a pre-treatment of the samples with traditional extraction and accelerated extraction, which will allow and contribute as an economic benefit for the banana producers of the El Oro province and the country, when marketing their post-harvest waste. The morphology of the rachis or banana pinzote is known to be 73.5% cellulose, which is used to make cardboard, as it is biodegradable and has a resistant consistency. In addition, it has other components such as: Hemicellulose 6-8%, Lignin 12.99%, Ash 6-8% and Moisture 8.7%, with biodegradable characteristics. The objective of this research is to isolate cellulose fibers from banana rachis, comparing traditional extraction (A1) with accelerated extraction (A2). Using an experimental-qualitative methodology through an alkaline and bibliographic treatment based on scientific articles. When making the comparison, two samples were needed to apply the isolation methodologies; traditional and accelerated isolation. Where it was obtained with sample A1 microfibers and with sample A2 nanofibres. In addition, during these processes, the amount of lignin in each sample is determined, after carrying out each procedure, respectively, it was determined that the highest concentration of sample A1 was 4.69% and sample A2 1.84%, giving us a higher degree of purity.