Estudio farmacoterapeútico en paciente sintomático, diagnosticado con hipertensión esencial moderada, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica e hipercolesterolemia.

Abstract

This pharmacotherapeutic study analyzed the treatment of a patient presenting symptoms and diagnosed with moderate essential hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypercholesterolemia. Possible interactions between the different drugs used to treat these conditions were taken into account. In addition, it was noted that chlorthalidone, a diuretic used to treat hypertension, may increase potassium excretion and have an impact on therapy with enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor), which also affects potassium levels. Potential interactions with formoterol, a beta-2 agonist bronchodilator, which could have cardiovascular effects, were also considered, and careful monitoring was recommended when combining it with enalapril. The importance of non-pharmacological recommendations to improve the patient's quality of life and optimize treatment was also emphasized. For hypertension, it was recommended to follow a DASH diet, reduce sodium intake, engage in regular physical activity and manage stress. For hypercholesterolemia, a healthy diet, weight control and physical exercise were suggested. For COPD, the importance of smoking cessation, participating in supervised pulmonary exercise, avoiding exposure to lung irritants, and keeping up to date with vaccinations was emphasized. This pharmacotherapeutic study highlights the relevance of considering interactions between medications used in patients with multiple medical conditions and emphasizes the importance of no pharmacological interventions to improve the management and control of moderate essential hypertension, COPD, and hypercholesterolemia.