Influencia del ph sobre los parámetros abióticos en estanques de cultivo de camarón blanco del pacífico (<i>litopenaeus vannamei</i>)

Abstract

Water quality for an aquaculture production pond is the essential pillar where all the processes for the development of the culture reside. These parameters are interrelated one to one directly and indirectly, so that the presence or variation of one can greatly affect the pond, for example: poor water replacement, excessive application of products or medicines, excess of organic matter, poor soil quality, etc. The incidence of these factors makes the pH respond accordingly, and therefore affect a large and complex number of events in the water column and soil such as ammonium concentration, hydrogen sulfide, alkalinity, CO2, pathogens, influence on the shrimp's immune system, among others. These parameters in high concentrations can cause stress, low growth, anoxia, oxidation of hemocyanin, high FCA, etc. The best known measure to take is the use of calcareous compounds, which should be applied at times and in quantities according to technical criteria, since the excess of these also has a negative influence on the pond, although their use is the most effective in terms of pH correction and the problems they can cause. However, it is also important to take into account the planting density and the cultivation system to be implemented because the care of the parameters and the management of the production will depend on these variables.