Telemedicina y las tecnologías de la información transformando la gestión de los servicios de salud: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Scientific advances in the history of medicine are countless, benefiting both individual and collective health. The knowledge and technologies derived from these advances have enabled optimization in prevention, diagnosis, and increasingly improved treatments. Establishing a telemedicine program, like digital health programs, requires an appropriate ecosystem and includes several development phases: a strategic plan, infrastructure, staff training, change management, maintenance, and evaluation. This study aims to analyze the use of telemedicine and ICTs in the management of health services in Latin America through a systematic review to understand their impact on healthcare. The methodology was developed using a descriptive qualitative approach. This systematic review was conducted following the five-step framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. The main results allowed us to analyze that the main applications and avenues of telemedicine involve telecare, telediagnosis, remote monitoring, teleconsultation, telesurgery, and patient management. These offer a much more efficient way of working, allowing, above all, for continuous monitoring, accessibility, and efficiency in the healthcare role.