La salud pública frente a sus desafíos financieros: Modelos y resultados

Abstract

This study addresses the challenges of healthcare financing, with a focus on the Latin American context and the specific case of Ecuador. It analyzes the main financing models, highlighting the social, economic, and ethical implications of decisions regarding the allocation of resources within health systems. The research underscores the increasing complexity of ensuring universal coverage and equitable access in settings characterized by institutional fragmentation, labor informality, and structural inequality. Strategies adopted by various countries in the region are reviewed, observing how a mix of public, private, and contributory financing can offer a viable solution—albeit one not free of tensions regarding equity and sustainability. In Ecuador’s case, significant regulatory advances are identified, while persistent challenges remain in integrating the national health system, improving spending efficiency, and guaranteeing comprehensive services for the entire population. In conclusion, the study highlights the need to rethink financing models from an intersectoral, evidence-based perspective that ensures both economic sustainability and the fulfillment of the right to health