Influencia de los videojuegos violentos en la autoestima y agresividad de preadolescentes.

Abstract

This case study analyzes the influence of violent video games on the self-esteem and aggressiveness of preadolescents aged 9 to 13, considering the effects that this type of digital content may have on their emotional, behavioral, and social development. In a context where access to technology and video games is increasingly widespread, it becomes essential to reflect on the potential risks of constant exposure to violent stimuli during a developmental stage marked by emotional sensitivity, identity formation, and the need for social approval. The main objective was to analyze the impact of exposure to violent video games on the self-esteem and aggressiveness of preadolescents, recognizing how this experience can influence their self-perception, interpersonal relationships, and responses to frustration or conflict. A qualitative approach was adopted, with a cross-sectional and descriptive design, focused on an educational institution in Ecuador. The sample consisted of four children selected through non-probabilistic sampling, along with their legal guardians. Data collection techniques included semi-structured interviews with both children and parents, as well as the application of the ESPERI questionnaire to identify behavioral patterns. The results show that participants often associate their self-esteem with their performance in virtual environments, replicate imitative behaviors observed in violent characters, and, in some cases, exhibit difficulties in distinguishing between reality and fiction. It is concluded that frequent use of violent video games can negatively affect the emotional development of preadolescents, impacting their self-worth, social skills, and self-regulation abilities. Therefore, active involvement of parents, educators, and mental health professionals is recommended to promote a critical, balanced, and healthy relationship with video game use.