Trichoderma spp: propagación, dosificación, aplicación en el cultivo de maíz (zea mays l)

Abstract

The use of Trichoderma spp. is very important for organic agriculture, due to its different mechanisms of action such as the elaboration of secondary metabolites that induce the production of phytoalexins, its antagonistic and antibiosis capacity, which degrades the cell walls of the pathogen. The research was developed at the Technical University of Machala, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, in the experimental farm "Santa Inés", Machala - El Oro - Ecuador, with the main objective: to determine the effect of different doses of four strains of Trichoderma spp. on agronomic parameters in the maize crop. In strain propagation, was used rice crushed and autoclaved as the culture medium due to its high amount of carbohydrates. The Experimental Design was of Blocks Completely at Random, being evaluated 90 plants by treatment, the applied treatments were: T1 Trichoderma asperellum; T2: Trichoderma melanomagna; T3: Trichoderma spirale; T4: Trichoderma reesei in different doses. For the statistical process, a one-factor ANOVA was performed using SPSS 22 software. The results obtained indicate that the most outstanding variables were: plant height 256 cm in T3D2; seed weight 65.1 g in T2D2 and the lowest percentage seed moisture was 26.2 % in T1D1. In conclusion, the treatments with low doses obtained better results for the mentioned variables.