Prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en caninos (canis lupus familiaris) en el cantón Balsas.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, diversity, and parasitic load of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) from the canton of Balsas, province of El Oro, Ecuador. A total of 127 dogs were sampled, evaluating variables such as age, sex, breed, and habitat. The McMaster technique was used to quantify the parasitic load. The results revealed an overall prevalence of 37.8%, with a higher incidence in dogs aged 1 to 5 years (45.8%), males (58.3%), and purebred dogs (56.3%). Additionally, it was observed that dogs living outdoors had a higher prevalence (66.7%) compared to those living indoors (33.3%). Regarding parasite diversity, species such as Uncinaria stenocephala (25%), Toxocara canis (22.9%), and Ancylostoma caninum (20.8%) were identified as the most prevalent. The parasitic load, measured in eggs per gram of feces (EPG), indicated that 50% of the infected dogs had a high load (>1000 EPG). This study highlights the importance of factors such as habitat and management practices in the transmission of gastrointestinal parasites. It also emphasizes the need to implement control strategies, such as regular deworming programs, owner education, and improved access to veterinary services. These actions could help reduce prevalence and parasitic load, improving canine health and minimizing zoonotic risks in the region.