Patrones radiográficos y tomográficos en perforación de víscera hueca por trauma abdominal

Abstract

Hollow viscus perforation is understood as rupture of the wall of the organ such as stomach, small intestine, colon, biliary tract and bladder which can be caused by different factors such as intestinal obstructions, iatrogenic in abdominal surgeries, adjacent diseases such as ulcers or inflammatory bowel diseases and abdominal trauma. Objective: to describe the imaging criteria in hollow viscus perforation in patients with abdominal trauma, through literature reviews that allows the identification of imaging patterns for an adequate diagnosis. Methodology: descriptive retrospective study through a review of scientific databases such as SCIELO, PUBMED, MESH and GOOGLE ACADEMICO. Results: 87% of cases are diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) and radiography when detecting presence/absence of fluids and infiltrations; 70% of cases are of closed trauma caused by injuries or ulcers, 30% are of open trauma caused by foreign bodies such as bones, stab or shrapnel; 30% of cases of hollow viscera involve the jejunum, 20% colon and 13% large and small intestines; 81% of patients with perforated viscera are men and the mean age is 42 years.