Proceso de atención de enfermería en gestante con preeclampsia basado en la teoría de Virginia Henderson

Abstract

In healthcare, nursing plays an essential role in promoting the health and well-being of patients. This discipline focuses on disease prevention and patient education, being key to improving health outcomes through proactive and educational interventions. Maternal mortality represents a significant challenge for global public health. According to the WHO, the incidence of preeclampsia varies between 2% and 10% of all pregnancies. Moreover, the prevalence of this condition is six times higher in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to apply the nursing care process to a patient with preeclampsia, based on the principles of Virginia Henderson's theory, optimizing the quality of care and maternal-fetal health outcomes, using a basic descriptive qualitative methodology, where it is examined through the review of the clinical history of a 37-yearold patient diagnosed with preeclampsia, underpinning the role of the nursing professional in the 14 basic needs outlined in Virginia Henderson's theory. The patient's evolution was favorable after the cesarean delivery, with a stable recovery and the initiation of exclusive breastfeeding. Postpartum care instructions were provided, and the importance of family planning and monitoring the well-being of both the mother and the newborn was emphasized. This study highlights the importance of a well-structured nursing care model and the integration of a holistic approach that encompasses both the physical and emotional and social aspects of care is crucial to improving maternal-fetal health outcomes.